Effect of Glucose Oxidase and a Commercial Bacillus-based Direct Feed Microbial Supplementation on the Productive Performance, Intestinal IgA, Gut Permeability, and Cecal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Restrictions on the use of antibiotic growth promoters in broiler chickens have stimulated the search for alternatives, such as probiotics and enzymes. Bacillus has benefits for intestinal microbial balance and productive performance; however, less is known about the effects of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) in chickens, and there is scarce information about the combination of both additives on broiler performance and cecal microbiota. Chickens supplemented with either Bacillus (10⁶ spores/g feed), GOx (100 U/kg feed), the combination of both, or a control group were evaluated. Improvements were observed in performance parameters and gut health, with a reduction in intestinal IgA concentration in the treated groups; however, no difference was noted in gut permeability (serum FITC-d concentration). Bacillus and GOx alone increased the cecum microbial Alpha diversity; meanwhile, the Beta diversity from the Bacillus group was different from that of the control and Bacillus-GOx groups. A reduction in harmful bacteria (Proteobacteria) along with an increase in beneficial bacteria (Firmicutes and Actinobacteria) was observed in the cecal microbiota composition from the treated groups. GOx treatment increased the phylum Actinobacteria. Bacillus and GOx can enhance the gut health of chickens by modulating the gut microbiota. However, no synergic effect was seen in the group receiving the additive combination. Further research is needed to more effectively demonstrate the effect.